Cadmium induces plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 via Smad2/3 signaling pathway in human endothelial EA.hy926 cells

Modulation of the blood coagulation fibrinolytic system is an essential function vascular endothelial cells. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are major regulatory proteins synthesized by cells; activity dependent on balance between these proteins. Previously, we have reported that cadmium, initiator ischemic heart disease, induces PAI-1 expression suppresses in cultured human However, key molecules involved cadmium-induced induction remain unclear. Herein, investigated contribution Smad2 Smad3, transcriptional factors via transforming growth factor-?, using cell line EA.hy926 cells culture. Our findings indicated cadmium without affecting t-PA up to 20 µM, a non-cytotoxic concentration, partly mediated Smad3. This study provides possible mechanism underlying disorders.